Water Point Type
https://publicschema.org/vocab/water-point-type
The physical type of a water access point, classified per the WHO/UNICEF JMP improved-source typology. The type of water point is the primary determinant of whether a source is classified as improved or unimproved on the JMP drinking water service ladder.
Standard reference
WHO/UNICEF JMP Core Questions on Drinking Water and Sanitation for Household Surveys (https://washdata.org/monitoring/drinking-water)
JMP defines improved and unimproved water sources based on source type. Improved sources: piped water, boreholes/tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater collection, packaged/delivered water. Unimproved: unprotected dug wells, unprotected springs, surface water, tanker trucks (in some contexts). This vocabulary follows the JMP source type list used in household surveys and facility assessments.
Values
| Code | Label | Standard code | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
piped_into_dwelling | Piped water into dwelling | Piped water supply connected directly into the dwelling, yard, or plot (tap on premises). JMP improved source. | |
public_tap_standpipe | Public tap / standpipe | Community standpipe or public tap from a piped distribution system shared by several households. JMP improved source. | |
borehole_tubewell | Borehole / tubewell | Borehole or tubewell equipped with a pump (hand pump or motorized). JMP improved source. | |
protected_dug_well | Protected dug well | Dug well with a lining, cover, and protected opening that prevents surface-water contamination. JMP improved source. | |
protected_spring | Protected spring | Spring with a protected catchment structure preventing surface water from entering the supply. JMP improved source. | |
rainwater_collection | Rainwater collection | Rainwater harvesting system with a collection surface, gutters, and a covered storage tank. JMP improved source. | |
water_kiosk | Water kiosk / vendor | Packaged or vendor-supplied water sold at a designated point (water kiosk, sachet vendor, refill station). JMP improved source when water quality meets standards. | |
unprotected_dug_well | Unprotected dug well | Dug well without a lining, cover, or protective structure, susceptible to surface-water contamination. JMP unimproved source. | |
unprotected_spring | Unprotected spring | Spring without a catchment structure, open to contamination from surrounding surface water or soil. JMP unimproved source. | |
surface_water | Surface water | Water collected directly from a river, lake, dam, pond, stream, canal, or irrigation channel. JMP no-service source. | |
other | Other | A water point type not covered by the other categories, such as a tanker truck delivery point or emergency bladder tank. |